10 individually packed test cassettes for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in urine without any dilution and as an aid in the diagnosis of pneumonia, meningitis and otitis media.
Package contents:
10 test cassettes
10 disposable pipettes
1 package insert
Exclusively for professional users
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The NADAL® S. pneumoniae Test is a qualitative rapid assay which is intended to be used for the detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in urine without any dilution and as an aid in the diagnosis of pneumonia, meningitis and otitis media.
Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a gram-positive bacterium first isolated from the saliva of a patient with rabies by Pasteur in 1881. The chemical structure and antigenicity of the pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide and its association with virulence and its role in human disease were explained over the period of 1915 to 1945. The bacteria are lancet-shaped anaerobic organisms spreading by direct person-to-person contact via respiratory droplets and causing serious disease in humans: The 10 most common serotypes are estimated to account for about 62% of invasive disease worldwide. S. pneumoniae colonizes upper respiratory tract tissues causing severe pneumonia and mild/acute earache/otitis. Pneumococci cause 13% to 19% of all cases of bacterial meningitis in the United States. One-fourth of patients with pneumococcal meningitis also have pneumonia. Clinical symptoms are generally similar to those of other forms of purulent bacterial meningitis and include headache, lethargy, vomiting, irritability, fever, nuchal rigidity, cranial signs, seizures and coma. The case-fatality of pneumococcal meningitis is about 30% but can be as high as 80% among the elderly. Bacterial pneumonia accounts for 12-16% of invasive pneumococcal disease among children aged 2 years and younger whereas S. pneumoniae has become the leading cause of bacterial meningitis among children younger than 5 years of age in the United States. Antibiotic treatment is efficient even if more penicillin-resistant strains have been identified. Several vaccines are available with variable efficiency depending on patient age or whether patients are developing some chronic illness or immunodeficiency. Nevertheless, vaccines have been demonstrated to provide protection against pneumococcal pneumonia.
